The Role of Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

The Role of Marketing - Essay Example The intimate, and inextricable, connection between organisational success and marketing, insofar as the primary objective of the former is to ensure the latter through the creation and maximization of well-targeted demand, is a historically undeniable reality, amply supported by a wealth of empirical evidence (Church, 1999). The undeniable centrality of marketing communication to organisational success functioned as the basis for the embrace of marketing by academia and the evolution of marketing as an academic field within management sciences (Cohen, 1966). Earlier perceptions of marketing as interchangeable with advertising, with the former being defined simply as a strategy to attract consumer interest in a product, have fundamentally changed. Marketing has, ever since the mid-1960s, been recognized as a complex methodology for the fulfilment of an organization's strategic objectives, insofar as sales, the expansion of market shares, and organisational growth are concerned. As such, and within the context of the aforementioned definition for marketing, the former evolved into a science embracing methodologies for market analysis and study; strategies for the identification of the most susceptible consumer groups/target audience; and countless theories on effective communication strategies and tools f or the engendering of consumer interest and product/service demand (Cohen, 1966; Dibb and Simkin, 1994). In other words, the increasing recognition of marketing as the key to organisational success has led to its embrace by academia and its subsequent evolution into a science,' designed to articulate a set of strategies, tools and methodologies as would ensure organisational success through marketing. There is no doubt that recent technological innovations in communication sciences, bordering on the revolutionary, have significantly redefined marketing strategies and media. Marketing has not only expanded beyond the local to embrace the global but marketing media and strategies have undergone revolutionary transformations consequent to the evolution of variant forms of electronic media, from the radio to the internet (Wehner, 2001). Marketing, as a communications strategy designed to inform consumers of the availability of particular products and persuade the market of the utility of these products, has evolved into integrated marketing.'

WW II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

WW II - Essay Example Without indulging in the conflicts, the paper simply discusses the innovations occurred during WWII. Some economists claim that WWII achieved what no one could have achieved to that extent without of the occurrence of the war. World War II was extremely profitable in terms of innovations, some of which are still in use.1 The US Navy invented the RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) in 1940. Primarily, the Nazis were using radar successfully to steer and ground bombers at night as the British were detecting the well known German airplane with the help of the radar. However, German leaders undervalued the worth of radar and its machine part for water operation, SONAR (Sound Detection and Ranging). The British earned a noteworthy strategic reward in spotting German submarines and planes from miles away. This advanced warning system saved numerous lives and provided underdog British offensive strategies against the irresistible Germans. Jerrycan, a full-bodied container, was intended for carrying fuel. It was made up of the inheritance of Hitler to supply a way of carrying fuel by hand. The jerrycan is smart for more than a few reasons. First, it featured three handles so that it can be carried easily by one or two persons. The cross design of the sides of the can helps to strengthen it. It was easier for Germans to carry fuels during the war. In mid-1942, Japan occupied the entire Asia. They controlled almost the entire world’s delivery of natural rubber. What did actually Japan do with the rubber? It did nothing but built boots. Every single soldier, sailor, airman and marine required getting boots around for doing their job and without rubbers, it was almost impossible to do so. The United States also invented new techniques to produce synthetic rubber. GRS (government rubber styrene) is one of the gifts by the USA. Presently, most of the rubber materials that are used in various manufacturing companies worldwide are the descendents of GRS. The first worki ng jet engine was there in England just a couple of years before the war though the British did not spend much on technical innovation. On the other hand, the Germans made the â€Å"Messerschmitt Me 262† which turned into the â€Å"first jet-powered fighter aircraft†Ã¢â‚¬â€the best, most superior war plane at the time. â€Å"The Me 262† dealt with the dog fights with pokey crutch planes. The devastating invention of Americans was the atomic bomb in World War II. WWII ended up with one of the major events in the world history of science, welfare and technology. A group of US scientists, working in confidentiality, designed and structured the first atomic bomb. President Harry Truman took the decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan. The use of atomic weapons introduced to an end of a dreadful conflict worldwide. But it was also the start of the contemporary nuclear age.2 It displayed the mounting significance of technology in a recent economy. The considera tion of geographic location is very important for the countries to make strategies. The USA always took the benefit of staying aloof on one side of the world. It was very difficult for other countries to target the USA by ignoring the geographical benefits it has. The success or loss from a war also depended on the topology and climatic conditions of a country. During the war with the Soviet Union, Germany tried to occupy the oil wells of the Soviet Union, but in this incident Hitler lost many of his solders as they were required to cover a long distance under unusually cold weather conditions. Germany and Japan took almost the same tactics to defend themselves against the attackers. Germany was very strong in the air forces but was